Thrush (Yeast infection): Causes and Treatment
Yeast infection, also known as thrush, is a fungal infection that can affect the mouth, throat, and other parts of the body. It is caused due to an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans, a normal flora of the mouth. It can cause white patches or a coating on the tongue, soreness and redness in the mouth.
- Overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans:
- Normally, the body’s immune system regulates the growth of this fungus. However, certain circumstances can trigger an overgrowth, leading to an infection, leading to an infection known as candidiasis.
Causes of Thrush
It can occur due to several factors, including:
- Antibiotic use:
- Antibiotics are designed to kill harmful bacteria, but they can also disrupt the balance of bacteria in the mouth, leading to an overgrowth of yeast and the development of thrush.
- Immune system disorders
- People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing cancer treatment, are more susceptible to thrush. This is because their immune system is unable to effectively regulate the growth of yeast and other microorganisms in the body.
- Diabetes
- High blood sugar levels can create a favorable environment for the growth of yeast, increasing the risk of thrush in people with diabetes.
- Hormonal changes
- Such as changes that occur during pregnancy or as a result of the use of birth control pills, can increase the risk of thrush, because these changes can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the body, leading to an overgrowth of yeast.
Treatment of Thrush
Treatment includes:
- Antifungal medications – Antifungal medications, such as nystatin or fluconazole, can be prescribed to treat thrush.
- Good oral hygiene – Brushing and flossing regularly, as well as using an antifungal mouthwash, can help prevent thrush and maintain oral health.
- Managing underlying conditions – Treating underlying conditions, such as diabetes or a weakened immune system, can help prevent thrush.
Which Doctor I need to Consult?
A medical doctor or dentist can help you, if you are experiencing symptoms of thrush, which can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition, but not common. They can diagnose the cause and provide the appropriate treatment.
SUMMARY
Thrush is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of the yeast Candida albicans. It causes white patches or a coating on the tongue, as well as soreness and redness in the mouth. Causes include antibiotic use, weakened immune system, high blood sugar levels, and hormonal changes.
Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. You may use antifungal medications, such as nystatin or fluconazole, to treat the infection and restore the balance of bacteria in the body. Good oral hygiene, such as brushing and flossing regularly, can also help prevent thrush and maintain oral health.
