Common Testicular Diseases: Protecting Men’s Health

Last Updated on 02/12/2026 by Helal Medical

Testicular diseases can cause discomfort, pain, and infertility. Testicles, the male reproductive organs, produce hormones and sperm. They can be affected by a variety of diseases. These diseases can impact their function and health. In this article, we will discuss the most common testicular diseases, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Common Testicular Diseases

1- Testicular Cancer

It’s a type of cancer that occurs in the testicles. It’s relatively rare and accounts for only about 1% of all male cancers. But, it’s the most common cancer in males of the age group 15-35 years. Why it’s the most common cancer in young men! Testicular cancer occurs during the peak age of testicular development and growth. This period is typically between 15 and 35 years.

The exact cause of testicular cancer is not known, but there are some factors that increase the risk including:

• Family history
• Abnormal testicular development
• Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
• HIV infection

Symptoms may include a lump (swelling) in the testicle. There may be a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum. You may also experience pain or discomfort in the genital area. And a dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin. Treatment includes surgery to remove the affected testicle, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. (SOURCE)

2- Epididymitis

Epididymitis is the inflammation of a coiled tube located at the back of the testicle called the epididymis. Bacterial infections and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the most common causes. Also, UTI can lead to this condition. Symptoms include pain and swelling in the scrotum, tenderness of the testicle, and a discharge from the penis. Treatment includes antibiotics, pain medication, and rest.

3- Varicocele

It’s a condition where the veins within the scrotum are enlarged. It can cause pain, discomfort, and infertility. The exact cause is not known, but it may be due to a defect in valves in the veins that prevent blood from flowing properly. Treatment includes surgery to repair or remove the affected veins.

4- Testicular Torsion

It’s a medical emergency that occurs when the testicle rotates and twists the spermatic cord that supplies blood to it. It causes severe pain, and swelling, and can lead to testicular damage and infertility if left untreated. It usually occurs in young boys, but it can occur at any age. Treatment involves surgery to untwist the spermatic cord and restore blood flow to the testicle.

5- Hydrocele

It’s fluid accumulated in the sac that surrounds the testicle, which can cause swelling and discomfort in the scrotum, but not pain. This condition is common in newborns but can occur at any age. It can be treated by surgery to drain the fluid and remove the sac.

Managing Testicular Diseases

Managing testicular conditions involves a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle changes, and self-care. Here are some tips to manage testicular diseases:

1- good hygiene

Maintaining good hygiene is essential for managing, and also preventing these diseases. The genital area must be kept clean and dry, and avoid using soaps or perfumes that may irritate the skin.

2- Safe sex

You have to practice safe sex to protect yourself from sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs can cause epididymitis and other testicular diseases. Use condoms, limit your number of sexual partners, and get tested regularly for STIs.

3- Lifestyle changes

Making healthy lifestyle changes is of great help to manage testicular diseases. This involves healthy diet, exercise regularly and getting enough quality sleep.

4- How to manage the pain

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen may help relieve pain related to testicular diseases. You may also need to use prescribed stronger pain medications.

5- Seek medical help

When you experience any symptoms related to testicular conditions, such as pain, swelling, or lumps in the testicles, seek medical help. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important. This can prevent complications.

6- Consider alternative therapies

Acupuncture, massage, or relaxation techniques, and others may help manage pain and reduce the stress associated with testicular diseases.

SUMMARY

Testicular diseases are a serious concern for men’s health. These conditions can cause discomfort, and pain, and even lead to infertility or cancer if left untreated. In this article, we will explore the most common testicular diseases, including testicular cancer, testicular torsion, orchitis, epididymitis, and varicocele. We will discuss their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Understanding this will help you realize the importance of early detection. It will also encourage you to seek appropriate medical care. Don’t ignore the signs of testicular diseases, protect your health today!

Managing testicular diseases involves a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle changes, and self-care. By following these tips and strategies, you can help prevent and manage testicular diseases and maintain optimal reproductive health.

SOURCES

[1] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/testicular-cancer-care/symptoms-causes/syc-20352986
[2] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epididymitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20363853
[3] https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12183-testicular-cancer
[4] https://www.healthline.com/health/testicular-atrophy

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