What is Human Papillomavirus: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that you need to know what it is! It is one of the most common STIs globally, with an estimated 7 9 million Americans currently infected with it. While most HPV infections are harmless and go away on their own, some strains can lead to serious health issues like genital warts and cancer. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at what HPV is, its symptoms, causes, and prevention measures.
What is Human Papillomavirus?
HPV is a virus that affects the skin and mucous membranes, with more than 100 different types. Some types cause warts on the hands and feet, and others cause warts on the genitals. Most types of HPV are harmless, but some can cause serious health problems such as cancer.
It is transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be passed from mother to baby during childbirth. People who are sexually active, particularly those with multiple partners, are at the highest risk of contracting the virus.
Symptoms of HPV:
In most cases, HPV does not cause any symptoms, and people may not even realize that they have the infection. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include:
- Genital warts: These are small, flesh-colored bumps that appear on the genitals, anus, or surrounding areas. They may be raised or flat, and they can appear singly or in clusters.
- Cervical cancer: This is a type of cancer that develops in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus. HPV is the leading cause of cervical cancer, which can cause symptoms like abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and painful intercourse.
- Other cancers: HPV can also cause other types of cancer, including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and throat.
Causes of HPV:
HPV is primarily spread through sexual contact. It is most commonly transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. People who have had multiple sexual partners or have had sex with someone who has had multiple partners are at the highest risk of contracting HPV.
In addition to sexual contact, HPV can also be spread through skin-to-skin contact. This can occur during non-sexual activities such as sharing towels or other personal items with someone who has HPV.
Prevention of HPV:
There are several steps that people can take to reduce their risk of contracting HPV. These include:
- Get vaccinated: The HPV vaccine is recommended for both males and females between the ages of 9 and 45. The vaccine is most effective when given before a person becomes sexually active.
- Practice safe sex: Using condoms during sexual activity can reduce the risk of contracting HPV. However, condoms do not provide complete protection against the virus.
- Get regular Pap tests: Pap tests are used to screen for cervical cancer. Women should have regular Pap tests, as recommended by their healthcare provider.
- Limit sexual partners: Having fewer sexual partners can reduce the risk of contracting HPV.
- Avoid smoking: Smoking can weaken the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight off HPV.
SUMMARY:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause serious health problems such as genital warts and cancer. While most HPV infections are harmless and go away on their own, some strains can cause long-term health problems. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to reduce their risk of contracting HPV, including getting vaccinated, practicing safe sex, and getting regular Pap tests. By taking these steps, people can.
If you suspect that you may have contracted one of these infections, Helal medical offer quick, private and convenient testing options.
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